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The design of injection mould cooling systems is often considered a minor issue. Not enough attention was paid to the size and structural design of the cooling system. The design of the cooling system is unreasonable, which will cause internal stress for small plastic parts, and deformation or even stress cracking for large plastic parts with thin walls. Moreover, inadequate cooling will lead to prolonged moulding cycle, thereby reducing production efficiency. In the following, the simplified cooling process of the injection mould is studied in some simplified forms, practical formulas are derived, and the method of determining the size of the cooling system is discussed based on these formulas. Determining the size of the cooling system is undoubtedly not a simple task. Generally speaking, mould designers are not familiar with certain aspects. This kind of work is very complicated. Even in the technical literature, it is difficult to find a satisfactory answer to certain questions. Some heat conduction equations are known, and these equations can now be solved with computers and pocket programmable calculators. Nevertheless, the situation encountered in the actual problem often brings difficulties in solving the problem. For example, the cavity wall is periodically heated by the injected high-temperature plastic melt. As a result, the temperature difference between the mould and the cooling water increases, and the cooling effect becomes stronger. After the mould is opened and the plastic part is ejected, the cavity is cooled by the surrounding air. Therefore, the temperature of the cavity surface changes periodically. The solution to the problem becomes more difficult, because the injected high-temperature plastic melt only contacts a part of the mould, the cavity, and the entire mould is cooled by the cooling water of the cooling channel. In addition, the cooling water is heated as it passes through the cooling channels of the mould, thereby changing the temperature difference between the mould and the cooling water.
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