The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has created a web page
with the latest information and recommendations about what is now being
called EVALI (for e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung
injury).To get more news about
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The
rising popularity of vaping has been dramatic, especially among
teenagers. According to a recent study, about 37% of high school seniors
reported vaping in 2018, up from 28% the year before. An estimated 2.1
million middle school and high school students reported using
e-cigarettes in 2017; that number jumped to 3.6 million in 2018.
Certainly, age restrictions — it’s illegal to sell e-cigarettes to
anyone under 21 (18 or 19 in some states) — aren’t preventing use among
teens and young adults. And nearly seven million adults 18 or older use
e-cigarettes, according to a 2017 survey by the CDC.
E-cigarettes
use a battery-powered device that heats a liquid to form vapors — or,
more accurately, aerosol — that the user can inhale (thus “vaping”).
These devices heat up various flavorings, nicotine, marijuana, or other
potentially harmful substances. Nicotine is addictive, of course. And
while that fact is prominently displayed in advertising, we know from
experience with regular cigarettes that warnings don’t always work!
It’s
not clear how often vaping might lead to lung trouble or who is at
highest risk. For example, are lung problems more common among vapers
who already have breathing problems (such as asthma) or who use
marijuana? Is it more common among younger individuals? Does use of
e-cigarettes cause the lung disease? Or is an added substance (such as
marijuana) or another contaminant the culprit? Since the FDA’s
regulation of e-cigarettes is still evolving, it’s particularly
difficult to get answers.
The recent tragic and alarming cases of
severe lung disease are clearly cause for concern. A number of other
health effects are also worrisome:
Nicotine is highly addictive
and can affect the developing brain, potentially harming teens and young
adults. Even some “nicotine-free” e-cigarettes have been found to
contain nicotine.
Some substances found in e-cigarette vapor have been linked to an increased risk of cancer.
Teens who vape are more likely to begin smoking cigarettes.
Explosions and burns have been reported with e-cigarettes while recharging the devices, due to defective batteries.
Accidental exposure to liquid from e-cigarettes has caused acute nicotine poisoning in children and adults.
Vaping during pregnancy could harm a developing fetus.